5 Terms for the Opposite of a Salutation in a Letter or Email

At the start of a letter or email, a salutation is the greeting, such as “Dear Alex.” The corresponding element at the end is most precisely called a “valediction” or “complimentary close,” although “sign-off,” “closing,” and “closing phrase” are more common in everyday use.

The Most Accurate Terms

  • Valediction
  • Complimentary close
  • Sign-off
  • Closing
  • Closing phrase

Valediction

The formal linguistic term for a word or phrase used to end a letter or message, such as “Yours sincerely” or “Best wishes.”

Example: “Kind regards” is the valediction in this email.

Complimentary close

A traditional business-letter term for the polite closing phrase that appears before the sender’s name or signature.

Example: Use a complimentary close such as “Yours faithfully” before your signature.

Sign-off

The most natural everyday term for the closing words of an email, message, broadcast, or letter.

Example: Her usual email sign-off is “Best regards.”

Closing

A broad, plain-English term for the final part of correspondence, which may include the closing phrase and signature.

Example: Keep the closing professional and consistent with the rest of the letter.

Closing phrase

A descriptive term for the specific words used to finish the message when technical terminology is unnecessary.

Example: Choose a closing phrase that matches the tone of the email.

Valediction Is the Precise Technical Answer

If you are asking for the direct counterpart to a salutation, “valediction” is the most precise term. In ordinary workplace conversation, however, “sign-off” or “closing” is much more likely to be understood immediately.