12 Other Ways to Say “Summing Up”

Useful options include in summary, to summarize, in conclusion, and overall. The best choice depends on context: phrases used to signal a summary or concluding synthesis.

Choose the Phrase for the Final Synthesis

  • In summary
  • To summarize
  • In conclusion
  • Overall
  • In brief
  • To recap
  • Wrapping up
  • In short
  • Taking everything together
  • Bringing it together
  • Concluding
  • On balance

In summary

“In summary” is the most standard formal phrase for drawing together key points.

Example: In summary, the main findings point in the same direction.

To summarize

“To summarize” is direct and works well before a brief restatement of the main argument.

Example: To summarize, the main findings point in the same direction.

In conclusion

“In conclusion” is best when you are actually closing an essay, report, or presentation.

Example: In conclusion, the main findings point in the same direction.

Overall

“Overall” is useful for stating the broad takeaway after considering everything.

Example: Overall, the main findings point in the same direction.

In brief

“In brief” is concise and slightly more formal than “in short”.

Example: In brief, the main findings point in the same direction.

To recap

“To recap” is natural when you are revisiting points already covered.

Example: To recap, the main findings point in the same direction.

Wrapping up

“Wrapping up” is informal and particularly natural in speech or presentations.

Example: Wrapping up, the main findings point in the same direction.

In short

“In short” is concise and suitable for a brief bottom-line statement.

Example: In short, the main findings point in the same direction.

Taking everything together

“Taking everything together” emphasizes synthesizing several pieces of evidence or argument.

Example: Taking everything together, the main findings point in the same direction.

Bringing it together

“Bringing it together” is conversational and suggests connecting the main strands.

Example: Bringing it together, the main findings point in the same direction.

Concluding

“Concluding” is a direct participle but usually works better within a sentence than as a standalone transition.

Example: Concluding, the main findings point in the same direction.

On balance

“On balance” fits a conclusion that weighs different considerations rather than merely restating them.

Example: On balance, the main findings point in the same direction.